Rise of the National Front, increased anti-Muslim acts, persistence of anti-Semitism, conflicts in Calais around the reception of refugees … Given these parameters, the conclusion of the investigation in 2016 on racism in France, published Monday by the national Consultative Commission on human rights (CNCDH), is surprising. “The index of tolerance” of French revealed by this investigation “brought significant growth” (5 points), after four years of decline followed by stabilization in 2014. This “applies to all groups, seem more acceptable. ” Finding “the least surprising,” yet commented CNCDH. How to explain such a rise of “tolerance” in public opinion? Decryption.
What is the method? In its investigations, the CNCDH uses pollsters who ask 69 sets of questions to a panel of a thousand people representative of the French population. end of Answers 2015, those released Monday were compared to those raised since 1990. The type of questions? “The Traveller”, “black”, “Muslim”, the “Roma”, “Jews” of French nationality “they are French like the others?”, “There he too immigrants in France “or” certain behaviors they can sometimes justify racist behavior? “. Depending on the answers, the CNCDH makes an overall score out of 100 to the public, achieving an index called “longitudinal” tolerance. Plus French are tolerant in their responses, the higher the grade is high.
The French company refuses amalgam
How this tolerance has resulted in 2015? in this latest survey, the CNCDH therefore puts a “note” of tolerance of 64 to the public, five points above that a year earlier, and eight more than the end of 2013. and it is especially the second best year for 26 years after the 2007-2008 year (66). The lowest was found in 1990 (49) and has never been seen since.
All minorities appear more “tolerated”. Indeed, the tolerance of “the Jews” (82, 4), the “black” (79 7), the “Maghreb” (69, 12) and “Muslims” (62, +7 ) increases, according to the study. Although the Roma are especially rejected by the public, with an index of 34 (up still eight points over a year)
Another lesson. 53% of French people say they are ” not racist “at all (+ 10% yoy), although 23% of respondents describe themselves as” not very racist “, 19%” somewhat racist “and 5%” rather racist “. 8% of the French still think that there is a “race” superior to others, a figure down 6%. “It seems that since the recent wave of attacks and despite the speeches of public figures, the French company refuses amalgams and promotes the acceptance of the other”, are enthusiastic in any case the report.
How to explain these results? the attacks that have devastated the France in 2015 seem to have pushed the French to greater openness, the CNCDH notes. “The anxiety situations lead to question the ways of thinking and facilitate critical review,” says the report. “There seems to have really had a reaction fraternity, solidarity after the attacks. People have realized that it can reach anyone,” says micro Europe 1 Nonna Mayer, emeritus researcher at Sciences Po and Co -auteure report. “It is also happening something among supporters of right (tolerance rose nine points). The rise in popularity of Alain Juppé, seen as more inclusive than Nicolas Sarkozy, have played in the right direction “also analyzes the political scientist, according to which the FN also shows less attractive.
the violent acts correspond to a logic apart
France is she so tolerant that? the CNCDH notes, however, some forms of contradictions in the responses of French. 58% of French are well there are too many immigrants in France, but 68% believe that their presence is a source of cultural enrichment and 79% believe that migrant workers should be considered home. In addition, and most importantly, if the tolerance appears to be gaining ground in the minds, it does not seem to be confirmed in the acts.
The anti-Muslim acts have tripled in France and anti-Semitic prejudices persisted, still ahead the national Consultative Commission on Human rights. Figures from the Ministry of Interior of Criminal Acts (actions and threats) Racist, anti-Semitic and anti-Muslim are generally “substantial increase” of 22.4% from 1662 in 2014 to 2034 in 2015, “never reached the top since such statistics are collected, “she laments in the report. The anti-Muslim facts, alone more than tripled (+ 223%). And these figures only take into account that deposits of complaint. Finally, if anti-Semitism appears to be declining, the Jews are no less a priority target: the Jewish population, which represents less than 1% of the total population, is the target of 40% of racist acts committed in France (against 51%) in 2014.
How to explain this difference between opinion and action? “violent acts correspond to a separate logic,” analysis Nonna Mayer. “They are the work of a minority, people often have a particular profile: young men, often known for petty crime Getting sometimes adds the defense of a ‘noble cause’ as defend France. against ‘Arabs’ or ‘Jews’. everything that can be correlated to the media coverage of conflicts in the Middle East, “explains political scientist. Concludes nevertheless, optimistic.. “The opinion reflects the larger society and this is important because it reflects what is forbidden and permitted in society that I find important to note that the idea of a rejection of the other is down. “
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